Journal: Molecular medicine reports

Article Title: Kaempferol induces apoptosis in HepG2 cells via activation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway.

doi: 10.3892/mmr.2016.4845

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 3. Dose‑ and time‑dependent effects of kaempferol on protein and mRNA levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress markers. (A and B) For dose‑dependent effects, HepG2 cells were treated in the presence or absence of different concentrations of kaempferol for 24 h. Western blotting and RT‑qPCR were performed with GRP78, GRP94, PERK, partial ATF‑6, IRE1α, caspase‑4 and CHOP antibodies. (C and D) For time‑dependent effects, HepG2 cells were exposed to 100 µM kaempferol for different time periods. Western blotting and RT‑qPCR were performed with GRP78, GRP94, PERK, partial ATF‑6, IRE1α, caspase‑4 and CHOP antibodies. Data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation of at least three independent experiments. GRP78, glucose regulated protein 78; GRP94, glucose regulated protein 94; PERK, protein kinase R‑like endoplasmic reticulum kinase; ATF‑6, activation transcription factor 6; IRE1α, inositol‑requiring enzyme 1α; CHOP, C/EBP homologous protein; RT‑qPCR, reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction; HPRT, hypoxan thine phosphoribosyl transferase.

Article Snippet: The membranes were subsequently incubated with 5% skimmed milk in Tris‐buffered saline with Tween‐20 (Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology) for 1 h to block nonspecific binding and then overnight with the following antibodies: Monoclonal rabbit anti‐human GRP78 (1:1000; cat. no. 3177; Cell Signaling Technology, Inc., Danvers, MA, USA), monoclonal rabbit anti‐human GRP94 (1:1,000; cat. no. 20292; Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.), monoclonal rabbit anti‐human PERK (1:1,000; cat. no. 5683; Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.), monoclonal mouse anti‐human partial ATF‐6 (1:1,000; cat. no. IMG‐273; Imgenex Corporation, San Diego, CA, USA), monoclonal rabbit anti‐human IRE1α (1:1,000; cat. no. 3294; Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.), monoclonal rabbit anti‐human caspase‐4 (1:1,000; cat. no. 4450; Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.), monoclonal mouse anti‐human CHOP (1:1,000; cat. no. 2895; Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.), monoclonal rabbit anti‐human cleaved caspase‐3 (1:1,000; cat. no. 9664; Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.) and monoclonal rabbit anti‐human β‐actin (1:1,000; cat. no. 4970; Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.) at 4 ̊C, followed by incubation with monoclonal goat anti‐rabbit IgG (1:2,000; cat. no. 14708; Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.) secondary antibody for 1 h at room temperature.

Techniques: Western Blot, Standard Deviation, Activation Assay, Polymerase Chain Reaction

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Inhibiting Extracellular Vesicle Release from Human Cardiosphere Derived Cells with Lentiviral Knockdown of nSMase2 Differentially Effects Proliferation and Apoptosis in Cardiomyocytes, Fibroblasts and Endothelial Cells In Vitro

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165926

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antibodies used for immunoblot analysis.

Article Snippet: Rabbit anti- Human/Mouse/Rat/Monkey Grp94 , Cell Signaling Technology , 2104 , 1:1000.

Techniques: Western Blot, Concentration Assay